Composite Structures 386 (2026) 120296

Keywords: Shape memory polymer, Bio-inspired structures ,3D hollow woven composites

Inspired by hedgehog spines, this study developed and investigated a new shape memory polymer composite  (SMPC) that mimics the hollow-woven architecture of hedgehog spines. The hedgehog spine-inspired hollow  woven SMPC exhibits high recovery force, superior energy absorption, and excellent thermal insulation per formance while maintaining an ultra-low density. The material possesses a density of merely 0.12 g/cm 3 , a char  yield of 73.56% at 800 ℃, retaining the capacity to withstand compressive loads up to 1000 times its own  weight. The maximum specific recovery force reaches 72 N/g, and even after 10 cycles of thermomechanical  compression at 100  ◦ C, the shape recovery ratio remains at 99.4%, demonstrating reliable shape memory effects  and mechanical performance. Across the investigated temperatures, the material shows nearly 100% energy  dissipation and excellent impact resistance. Additionally, the SMPC demonstrates outstanding thermal insulation  properties. Its robust recovery under compression, torsion, and bending suggests broad potential applications in  aerospace, construction, and smart textiles.

Zhengxian Liu, Lan Luo, Liwu Liu, Yanju Liu, Jinsong Leng

Mechanical and thermal properties analysis of a hedgehog spine-inspired hollow woven shape memory polymer composite.pdf